Dr
Martin Luethi
(University of Zurich, Geography)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
The iceberg calving process influences the geometry of a tidewater glacier,
and is in turn controlled by the terminus geometry through the stress field
which controls damage and fracture of the ice. A simple parametrization of
the stress field at the glacier terminus is obtained from the results of a
Finite Element model with varying water depths. Using this stress field in an
isotropic...
Dr
Bradley Paul Lipovsky
(Harvard University)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Distant storms, tsunamis, and earthquakes generate waves in floating ice shelves. In several instances, seismic observations have clearly demonstrated a mechanistic link between periods of elevated wave activity and iceberg calving. The detailed mechanical interpretation of observed seismograms is complicated, however, by the existence of numerous types of waves that propagate in the coupled...
Mr
Michael Chasnitsky
(The Hebrew University of Jerusalem)
09/01/2018, 12:35
PICO talk
When a moving solidification front encounters a foreign particle in the melt for example during freezing, it can either engulf it, or push and reject it. This interaction takes place in freezing of any colloidal suspension and is basic in metallurgy, freeze casting, frost heave, and cryopreservation. In this work we show that the interaction of the particles with the freezing front can be...
Dr
Martin Luethi
(University of Zurich, Geography)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Glacier ice at the melting temperature may contain up to 6% of unfrozen water,
as was inferred with indirect methods such as ice-penetrating radar. This
inter-grain water influences ice deformation, the thermal structure of ice
sheets, and subglacial hydrology.
We determined by the content of free water in-situ in ice caves and at the
base of serveral temperate glaciers. The...
Prof.
Yoshinori Furukawa
(Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University)
09/01/2018, 12:35
PICO talk
The purpose of our research is to explore how type III AFP modifies the morphology and growth kinetics of ice crystals, and to reveal the action mechanisms of AFP-III.
In a glass capillary seed crystals of ice of hexagonal modification were formed in supercooled water with AFP-III concentrations of 0-0.8 mg/ml. Measurements of growth rates were performed by Mach-Zehnder interferometry at...
Prof.
Iwao Takei
(Hokuriku University)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
In ice, the dielectric response signals of a Debye relaxation process have been measured parallel to the applied electric field. Here, we report response signals detected perpendicular to the applied field for ice samples. An alternating electric field (applied voltage V0: 5 Vp-p) of 1 Hz to 1 MHz was applied to a cube (1 × 1 × 1 cm) of single-crystal ice Ih between one pair of planes along...
Mr
Jan Eichler
(Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Ice has a very high plastic anisotropy with easy dislocation glide on basal planes while glide on non-basal planes is much harder. Basal glide involves dislocations with Burgers vector b=, while glide on non-basal planes can involve dislocations with b=, b=[c] and b=<c+a>. During natural ductile flow of polar ice sheets most of the deformation is expected to occur by basal slip...
Mr
Hani Kang
(Seoul National University)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
We examed the effect of applied electric field on collective phonon modes of a CO solid crystal. A strong electric field (~10⁸ V/m) was applied across a thin CO film grown on a metal substrate at 7 K by using the ice film capacitor method. Reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS) was used for monitoring the optical phonon modes of a CO film, where a longitudinal optical (LO) mode...
Dr
Jonathan Vermette
(Université de sherbrooke), Mr
Thomas Putaud
(Laboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères (LERMA), Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 8112, F-75005, Paris, France)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
The properties of the nuclear spin isomers of the water molecule are of great interest in astrophysics since the ortho:para ratio (OPR) is assumed to provide insight into the formation mechanism and history of comets as well as other celestial bodies [1,2]. Technological advances are also foreseen for ortho-water enriched samples in magnetic resonance applications, in analogy with...
Prof.
Niall English
(UCD)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Elucidating water-to-ice freezing, especially in “No Man’s Land” (150 K < T < 235 K) is fundamentally important (e.g., predicting upper-troposphere cirrus-cloud formation) – and elusive. An oft-neglected aspect of tropospheric ice-crystallite formation lies in inevitably-present electric fields’ role. Exploring nucleation in No Man’s Land is technically demanding, owing to rapid nucleation...
Ms
Lucie Plaga
(TU Dortmund)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
The crystalline ices can be divided into two groups, the hydrogen disordered and the hydrogen ordered ices. Phase transitions between ordered/disordered pairs that share the same oxygen lattice require the rearrangement of hydrogen bonds. These reorientational processes can only take place if point defects are present that locally violate the Bernal-Fowler ice rules, and the concentration of...
Frederic Flin
(Meteo-France CNRS / CNRM UMR 3589 / CEN), Dr
marie dumont
(Meteo-France - CNRS /CNRM/CEN)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Snow optical properties are unique among Earth surfaces and crucial for a wide range of applications. The bi-directional reflectance factor, hereafter BRF, of snow is sensible to snow microstructure. However the complex interplays between different parameters of snow microstructure, namely size and shape parameters, on reflectance are challenging to disentangle both theoretically and...
Prof.
Yoshimichi Hagiwara
(Kyoto Institute of Technology)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
To develop icephobic surfaces is an urgent issue because ice-covering surfaces cause serious troubles, such as (1) poor visibility through the windshields of aircraft, trains and automobiles; (2) poor visibility of traffic lights in snowy winter, (3) the breaking of power transmission lines; (4) a deterioration of the aerodynamic performance of aircraft wings. To date, many studies proposed...
Dr
Vasily Artemov
(Prokhorov General physics institute of Russian academy of sciences)
09/01/2018, 12:35
PICO talk
Presently, the wideband dielectric spectra of water and ice are accumulated to be accessible for comparative analysis [1, 2]. The spectra reveal striking similarities such as a unified temperature dependence of the dielectric constants [3], related forms of dielectric relaxations (shifted by 6 decades on frequency) [4, 10], close matching of infrared resonances [6], abnormally high...
Dr
Jonathan Vermette
(Université de Sherbrooke)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Water nuclear spin isomers properties are of great interest for astrophysicists regarding information they can potentially provide from celestial ice bodies and interstellar cloud formation [1,2]. Population ratio between magnetic (H2O-ortho; Ms=1) and non-magnetic isomer (H2O-para; Ms=0) at equilibrium is a thermodynamic constant related to the nuclear spin temperature (Tspin). The very weak...
Mr
Balazs FABIAN
(Institut UTINAM - Besançon, France / ELTE Univ. of Budapest - Hungary), Dr
Sylvain PICAUD
(Institut UTINAM - UMR 6213 CNRS/Univ Franche Comte)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Overcoming the important deficiencies of the clathrate equilibrium data at low temperatures by using theoretical approaches such as the van der Waals & Platteeuw method seems truly tempting. However, this thermodynamic route is usually based on descriptions with simplified intermolecular potentials calibrated using equilibrium data obtained at high temperatures. As a consequence, the...
Andrey Stoporev
(Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk State University)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Experimental investigations carried out in this work allowed us to elucidate a number of new aspects in the ice freezing and gas hydrate formation processes in water-in-hydrocarbon emulsions. Various types of oils, including one with different biodegradation levels, and n-decane were used as disperse media. As it has been shown there are several hydrate and ice formation ways in the emulsions....
Ms
Annika Lauber
(ETH Zürich, IAC)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
For a better understanding of cloud processes, accurate observations of ice crystal number concentrations and size spectra are important. We measure the cloud microphysics with the holographic imager HOLIMO. Holography is the only measurement technique, which allows the recording of the concentration, the size, the shape, as well as the spatial distribution of cloud particles. The...
Mr
John Ladan
(University of Toronto)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Icicles observed in nature and the laboratory often exhibit ribs or ripples with a wavelength close to 1cm around their circumference. Previous experiments on laboratory-grown icicles have shown that the existence of these ripples depends on the presence of (very small) concentrations of impurities in the feed water. However, all existing theoretical models of the icicle ripple instability...
Mr
Ryusuke Nishitani
(Department of Earth and Space Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Clathrate hydrates are crystalline inclusion compounds composed of hydrogen-bonded water cages which incorporate hydrophobic gases called guest molecules. The clathrate hydrate could exist not only in the Earth but also in icy moons. One of the most likely candidate is Saturn's icy moon Enceladus, having a global ocean beneath the icy shell. INMS (Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer) aboard the...
Mr
Jaehyeock Bang
(Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
We studied the interaction of low energy (0-20 eV) electrons with sulfur dioxide (SO₂) on a crystalline ice film surface. An ice film was prepared by H2O vapor deposition on a Pt(111) substrate at 150 K for thickness of >100 BL inside a vacuum chamber and was annealed at 165 K to produce a crystalline ice film with a flat (0001) surface. SO₂ gas was adsorbed on the crystalline ice film through...
Frederic Flin
(Meteo-France CNRS / CNRM UMR 3589 / CEN)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Once deposited on the ground, snow forms a complex porous material whose microstructure constantly transforms over time. These evolutions, which strongly impact the physical and mechanical properties of snow (e.g. Srivastava et al, 2010; Calonne et al, 2014; Wautier et al, 2015) need to be considered in details for an accurate snowpack modeling. However, some of the physical mechanisms...
Mr
Jan Eichler
(Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
The impurity content in meteoric ice from polar regions is relatively low compared to other natural materials. However, it controls a variety of physical properties of ice - from dielectric response to its mechanical behaviour. Links between impurity concentration, changes in ice micro-structure and deformation rate have been reported on several scales. In order to approach the responsible...
Mr
Bastian Gerling
(WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
The elastic modulus is a fundamental mechanical property of snow and key for the interpretation of seismic measurements, assessment of slope stability or development of constitutive models. However, literature values scatter by orders of magnitude due to visco-plastic peculiarities of ice and microstructural variability. Hitherto still no cross-validated measurement exists.
To this end we...
Dr
Richard Gaal
(EPFL SB ICMP EPSL)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
We report the results of Raman spectroscopy and quantum thermal bath molecular dynamics simulations in methane and hydrate at pressures up to 150 Gpa. We have found signatures of methane ordering, hydrogen bond symmetrisation and new high pressure phases.
Ms
Josée Maurais
(Département de chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1, CANADA)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Mining residues tailings are a major environmental problem facing mining industries. These phenomena are a greater source of preoccupation during winter conditions since wind-borne dust emissions are less predictable; it is thus more difficult to prevent them. Also, mining residues tailings cause greater modulation of the albedo on permanently or seasonally snow-covered regions. Their...
Mr
Soroush Rasti
(Theoretical Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University)
09/01/2018, 12:35
PICO talk
Solid water comprises the most abundant form of ice in the universe and is believed to have played an important role in catalysing the formation of those prebiotic molecules that were essential for the development of life on earth. Apart from amorphous structures solid water also appears in a plethora of ordered structures under different temperature and pressure conditions. The corresponding...
Prof.
Bertrand Chazallon
(Laboratoire PhLAM, Bât. P5, UMR CNRS 8523, Université de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, FRANCE)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Nitrogen-bearing clathrates, possibly mixed as gas hydrates also containing CO, H2, and CO2, are potentially important astrophysical constituents as they might take part in the formation of nebulae, comets and might have participated in the formation of the outer planets in the solar system.(1),(2)
The formation of clathrates in the solar system is often associated with vapor deposited...
Mrs
Shlomit Preis
(Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.)
09/01/2018, 12:35
PICO talk
Spontaneous self-organization of a system can lead to pattern formation. Many examples for that are found in nature, such as dividing cells in the developing embryo, dendritic growth of crystals, and the formation of brine channels in sea ice. Here we present a new pattern formation in ice under selective infrared (IR) radiation. Unlike Tyndall flowers, which are dendritic melting of super...
Dr
Toshiaki Iitaka
(RIKEN)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Recently, Bove et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 165901) have found a supporting evidence for the existence of concerted proton tunneling along hydrogen bonds of six-membered rings in ice Ih using neutron incoherent quasi-elastic scattering measurement. Since the height of the potential barrier can be controlled by the distance between the nearest oxygen atoms or by the external pressure, study of...
Dr
Jennie Thomas
(LATMOS/IPSL, UPMC Univ. Paris 06 Sorbonne Universites, UVSQ, CNRS, Paris, France)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Black carbon (BC) concentrations has been observed in 22 snowpits sampled in the northwest sector of the Greenland ice sheet in April 2014. The pits contain a strong and widespread BC aerosol deposition event, which accumulated in the pits during two snow storms between 27 July and 2 August 2013. This event comprises a significant portion (57% on average across all pits) of total BC...
Dr
Lorenzo Ulivi
(IFAC-CNR)
09/01/2018, 12:35
PICO talk
Ice XVII is a newly discovered solid form of pure water, which is metastable at ambient pressure if maintained below 130 K. It is obtained from the so-called C0-phase of the H2-H2O binary compound, quenched at a temperature T=77 K, after letting the hydrogen molecules diffuse out of the crystal [1]. It is intrinsically porous and can absorb again molecular hydrogen and release it repetitively,...
Zuzana Sediva
(ETH Zurich)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
CO2 gas hydrates are non-stoichiometric crystalline structures consisting of CO2 molecules entrapped in a 3D lattice of polyhedrals formed from water molecules. These structures, stable under moderate pressures and low temperatures, play a crucial role in in many environmental and energy sectors. Understanding and controlling the flow of hydrate slurries can bring rapid solutions for some...
Prof.
Changqing Sun
(NTU, SIngapore)
09/01/2018, 12:35
PICO talk
We show that transiting NaX/H2O solutions of 0.016 molar concentration (X = F, Cl, Br, I) [1, 2] and NaI/H2O of different concentrations into an ice VI phase and then into an ice VII at 298 K proceeding in different ways. The solute-type-resolved critical pressures PC1 and PC2 increases simultaneously in the Hofmeister series order: X = I > Br > Cl > F 0; comparatively,...
Mr
Hironobu Machida
(Panasonic Corporation)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Clathrate hydrate of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBAB) is expected as a cold storage material for air conditioning, but supercooling is a problem for practical use. The supercooling, widely known, is the state of maintaining the liquid phase even if it is cooled below freezing point, but the detailed mechanism is not clarified. For the purpose of visualization of the supercooling...
Mr
Akimichi Kinjo
(Department of Applied Chemistry, Meiji University, Japan)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Water exists as amorphous ice in interstellar molecular clouds. Because molecules undergo chemical evolutions through various processes on amorphous ice, the structure and properties of amorphous ice is one of the important factors govern the chemical evolutions of organic molecules in the universe. Amorphous ice is formed by various methods; vapor deposition of water on cold substrates under...
Mr
Yasuhito Naoshima
(Department of Applied Chemistry, Meiji University, Japan)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Various gaseous species such as H2O, CO, CO2, CH3OH, H2CO, and NH3 are condensed onto dust grains in interstellar molecular clouds. The H2O ice, which is formed by vapor deposition onto the dust grains under low temperature and pressure conditions, is amorphous ice. The amorphous ice includes various gas molecules, and the molecules undergo chemical evolutions to organic molecules through...
Dr
Fei Yen
(Southern University of Science and Technology)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
Many regions of the phase diagram of ice remain unclear. Through measurements of the near static dielectric constant a) the ice Ih/XI phase boundary line is confirmed to occur at 73 K along with the existence of the ice Ih/II/XI triple point residing at 0.07 GPa and 73 K [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2015, 17, 12458]; b) a critical point is identified to reside near 33-50 MPa and below 210 K...
Mr
Stefan Arzbacher
(Illwerke VKW Professorship for Energy Efficiency, Vorarlberg University of Applied Sciences)
09/01/2018, 12:35
PICO talk
Clathrate hydrates of CO2 are crystalline inclusion compounds composed of CO2 and water. They are expected to occur in vast amounts on comets, icy moons, and the Martian ice caps, where they play a significant role in the planetology. On earth, they are considered for usage in carbon capture and storage technologies due to their high mass density of CO2 [1,2].
Particularly, in the case of...
Andrey Stoporev
(Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk State University)
09/01/2018, 12:35
Poster
The structures of methane hydrate obtained from emulsions of water in some crude oils have been studied. It was shown that in some of these emulsions, a hydrate of the cubic structure II (sII) instead of the expected the cubic structure I (sI) hydrate was formed when a methane-saturated sample was rapidly cooled to temperatures below -35 °C. All experiments were carried out at a cooling rate...
