Dr
R. S. Dhaka
(Division of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ames Laboratory, US DOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA; Present Address: Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
We use high-resolution angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy to study the electronic structure of Fe-based high temperature superconductors. We find that the substitution of Ru for Fe is isoelectronic, i. e., it does not change the carrier concentration. More interestingly, there are no measured significant changes in
the shape of the Fermi surface (FS) or in the Fermi velocity over a...
Simone Liuzzi
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
When a liquid is confined within a nanometer-sized gap, interfacial and size effects confer to the system properties different from those observed in bulk fluids [1]. For electrolytes one expects that confinement influences the hydration of cations near the confining walls, in our study muscovite mica surfaces. Knowledge of the ordering behavior of the electrolyte’s hydration shells under...
Dr
Michele Griffa
(EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
We investigated the usefulness of X-ray Tomographic Microscopy (XTM) as a tool for the detection and characterization, at multiple scales, of the damage produced by the Alkali-Aggregate Reaction (AAR) in cement-based materials. The goal of our broad experimental campaign was to assess the potentiality of XTM as a non-destructive technique complementary to other 2D microscopy methods that...
Ms
Stephanie Stevenson
(Paul Scerrer Institut)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
We explore the linear and nonlinear dynamic regimes of micrometer-scale Ni81Fe19 squares. The response of the magnetisation under a continuous sinusoidal excitation is monitored by time-resolved scanning transmission x-ray microscopy. Non-equilibrium domain configurations are dynamically stabilized under increasing amplitude of the excitation field. On reducing this amplitude, the...
Jochen Rittmann
(EPFL/PSI)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Understanding the role of a solvent in influencing the rate and/or selectivity of a reaction is of great importance to chemistry. In general, solvent effects may be classified into two distinct groups; passive or active. Active solvents are directly involved during the course of the chemical reaction by forming a explicit interaction with the reacting species. In such cases, these interactions...
Mr
Alan Farhan
(PSI)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Using electron beam lithography combined with appropriate imaging techniques, it became possible in recent years to design, pattern and imvestigate artificial spin ice systems, the 2-dimensional parallel to the pyrochlore spin ice, and which are considered to be ideal model systems to directly investigate the behavior of frustrated systems. In particular, using photoemission electron...
Dr
Pavel Strunz
(Nuclear Physics Institute, CZ-25068 Rez near Prague)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Nickel base superalloys are a natural composites consisting of γ’ precipitates (L12) with an ordered structure coherently embedded in a γ solid solution (fcc) matrix. The critical parts of turbines made of Ni-based superalloy are subjected to cyclic elastic-plastic straining as a result of heating and cooling during start-up and shut-down periods. Consequently, low-cycle fatigue at operating...
Ms
Suzanne Visser
(MSc)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
The identification and quantification of particle sources has long proven challenging due to the complex composition of ambient aerosol. Measurements of trace elements provide uniquely source-specific information; e.g. barium and copper are emitted by traffic sources, while vanadium and nickel are linked to heavy oil combustion. The power of source apportionment by trace elemental analysis is...
Mr
Jan Girovsky
(Laboratory for Micro and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherer Institute)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
The assembly of spin-bearing metal-organic molecules, as for instance metallo-porphyrins and –phthalocyanines, on ferromagnetic substrates has received significant attention during the last few years [1, 2, 3]. So far most of the studies have been carried out by spectroscopic techniques lacking of spatially resolved information. Here, we present the first spectro-microscopic investigation...
Jostein Bø Fløystad
(Norwegian University of Science and Technology)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
With the ability to control the structure of multiphase materials for applications on the nano- and
mesoscale, methods for imaging these materials are becoming increasingly important. Especially
techniques able to image sub-micron structures of functional materials in operando are in high
demand, as these problems often fall outside the range of electron microscopy due to requirements...
Dr
Sonia Pin
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Calcium carbonate has great scientific relevance in biomineralization and geosciences, forming enormous scales of biological (reefs and ocean sediments) and geological origin, which bind a huge amount of CO2 and affect the chemistry of ocean water[1] and, with it, Earth’s atmosphere and climate. CaCO3 provides a model system for nucleation and crystallization analysis of mineral for...
Mr
Joachim Reimer
(Paul Scherrer Institut), Dr
Sonia Pin
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Hydrothermal aqueous salt solution play an important role in geochemistry for the understanding of the ore deposit formation as well as in the supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) and the supercritical water gasification (SCWG), which use hot compressed water as a process medium. At the Paul Scherrer Institut a SCWG process was developed [1], which turns various kinds of wet biomass into...
Dr
Daniel Grolimund
(Paul Scherrer Institute, Swiss Light Source)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
With regard to the safe disposal of heat-generating radioactive waste in deep geological formations, detailed information on the interaction between the radiotoxic, long-lived radionuclides such as 239Pu (t1/2 = 24,110 a) and the host rock as important geological barrier are required. A combination of spa-tially-resolved synchrotron based microprobe techniques has been used to determine the...
Phillip Wohlhüter
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Novel exchange coupled composites incorporating a hard and a soft magnetic layer have the potential for a number of applications including magnetic recording, sensors, MRAM and oscillators. We investigate the magnetic behaviour of ferromagnetic L10 FePt thin films exchange coupled to soft ferrimagnets, including FeGd and FeTb, using Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM), which allows...
Dr
Sarah Dunsiger
(Technical University of Munich)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Ferromagnet-Semiconductor heterostructures show immense promise for device applications, in particular for the injection of polarised spins into a semiconducting substrate. More fundamentally, prototypical systems like the III-V semiconducting materials Ga1−xMnxAs/GaAs or EuO1-x/doped Si exhibit unusual long range indirect exchange interactions mediated by charge carriers in the semiconductor...
Mr
Ming-Tao Lee
(PSI)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Bromide ions at the sea salt solution - air interface are implicated in ozone depleting reactions in marine environments. Driven by the relevance, we intend to use near ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAPP) on a liquid microjet at the SIM Beamline in order to determine the surface concentration of bromide ions in mixed solutions containing bromide and citric acid to mimic...
Dr
Boehm Andreas
(Montanuniversitaet Leoben, mineral processing)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
About 25 % of the world´s iron ore production of about 1,1 billion metric tons per years is traded as iron ore pellets. These spheres with diameter between 8 and 16 mm are made of iron oxide ore powder (100% - 150 µm), additives to adjust the chemical composition for the individual blast furnace operations and binders to control the compressive strength during the production process of...
Mr
Mickael Morin
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Ferroelectric materials have been known since almost one century ago [1]. While their potential for applications was rapidly recognized, the possibility of combining ferroelectricity with magnetic order -preferably with ferromagnetism- has resulted in an enormous deal of interest during the last decade. Several new materials combining both types of order have been reported, although their...
Ms
Eva Hirtenlechner
(Institut Laue Langevin, BP 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
One of the simplest realizations of a quantum phase transition is the Ising model in a transverse magnetic field. The Co2+ ion is a good resource for anisotropic spins with Ising or XY interactions. Several families of cobalt halides and oxides have been classified as approximate realizations of the Ising chain model. The hexagonal perovskite family ACoX3 with A = Rb, Cs, Tl and X = Br, Cl is...
Dr
Martin Mansson
(Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism (LQM), EPF Lausanne)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
In search of a high-capacity hydrogen storage system, we have investigated the thermodynamic properties of borohydrides [M(BH4)2]. Using muon-spin rotation and relaxation (muSR), we have acquired data for five different powder samples below ambient temperature. Zero-field muSR measurements indicate the formation of the H-muon-H system in LiBH4, NaBH4, KBH4, and Ca(BH4)2 but not in Mg(BH4)2. It...
Sarah Steimer
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Atmospheric aerosols are an important focus of environmental research due to their effect on climate and human health. Organic compounds account for a large fraction of total fine aerosol mass (up to 90%). Chemical and optical characteristics of particles can be altered by chemical ageing, which in turn affects their environmental impact.
In this study we therefore investigated the changes...
Gerhard Ingold
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
The SwissFEL hard X-ray free electron laser at PSI will produce femtosecond X-ray pulses from 2-12 keV at a repetition rate of 100 Hz and 10^11 to 10^12 photons per pulse. Experimental Station B at SwissFEL proposes to combine time-resolved laser spectroscopy methods and X-ray scattering techniques to study the dynamics of cooperative interactions in crystalline materials that exhibit...
Ms
Mahsa Silatani
(EPFL)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Recombination dynamics of hemoproteins in physiological media investigated by picosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy
M. Silatani1, F.A. Lima1, J. Rittmann1, C.J. Milne2, T.J. Penfold1, 2, M.H. Rittmann-Frank1, M. Reinhard1, F.G. Santomauro1, M. Chergui1
1École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, SB, ISIC, LSU, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
2Paul Scherrer Institute, Swiss FEL, Villigen,...
Dr
Annick Froideval Zumbiehl
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
In the safety case for underground radioactive waste repositories, aqueous corrosion of the waste plays a central role, since it determines the source term of radionuclide release to the environment. The direct disposal of spent nuclear fuels is an option adopted in many countries, implying that radionuclide release studies from spent UO2 and mixed oxide fuels are critical for building...
Mr
Michele Buzzi
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
The continuously increasing demand for data storage systems that exhibit both high-speed and low energy consumption has encouraged researchers to look for novel ways of manipulating and recording information. One promising and viable solution is to couple a magnetostrictive ferromagnet to a ferroelectric piezoelectric creating an artificial multiferroic, a material whose magnetization...
Ms
Ana Maria Balan
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Magnetic nanoparticles show a variety of novel magnetic phenomena when compared to the respective bulk materials, mostly due to the effect of the surface and interface on the magnetic interactions and to critical magnetic length scales such as domain wall width and exchange length. For instance the size may determine whether a particle is in a single domain state or whether it will show a...
Dr
Dominique Derome
(Empa)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Wetting by wind-driven rain (WDR) refers to rain droplets carried by the wind and impinging on the building façade. WDR water is a main agent of deterioration of building materials, such as surface soiling, algae formation, salt damage and frost damage, which becomes an important issue when retrofitting old or historical buildings by adding insulation, planning energy efficient cities, and...
Mr
Cyprian Mieszczynski
(LNM, Paul Scherrer Institute)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Large grain uranium dioxide fuels, doped with different transition metal oxides as additives, are being used in light water reactors worldwide for energy production. Most of the doped UO2 have been produced in order to improve the fuel performance as compared to the standard UO2 ones. In this context, chromia (Cr2O3) has been used to fabricate successfully larger than standard UO2 grain...
Mr
Basilius Thalmann
(Eawag)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Ag-NP released from consumer products to the environment may undergo transformations. Especially the sulfidation has been identified as one of the key transformation process, which strongly reduces the antimicrobial properties of Ag-NP. This is mainly due to the low solubility of Ag2S. Under aerobic conditions, bisulfide (HS-) is quickly oxidized and thus becomes unavailable for the...
Mr
Marian Dreher
(Paul Scherrer Institute)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Introduction
The catalytic supercritical water gasification (SCW-G) of wet biomass is a highly efficient way of producing methane-rich synthetic natural gas (SNG) from various types of biomass. However, catalyst deactivation due to poisoning and fouling (coking) severely limits the lifetime of catalysts used in this process, making the development of regeneration protocols imperative [1]....
Gabriel Landolt
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
In systems lacking bulk inversion symmetry the Kramer‘s degeneracy can be lifted by spin-orbit interaction giving rise to Dresselhaus or Rashba effects. Materials in the class of layered bismuth tellurohalides, such as BiTeI, have a layered and noncentrosymmetric structure with a giant Rashba-type splitting of the bulk bands. We present direct measurements of the bulk band structure of BiTeI...
Mr
Simon Gerber
(Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, Paul Scherrer Institut)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
The interplay of spin and charge fluctuations can lead to quantum phases with exceptional electronic properties. A case in point is magnetically-driven superconductivity, where magnetic correlations fundamentally affect the underlying symmetry and generate new physical properties. The superconducting wave-function in most known magnetic superconductors does not break translational symmetry....
Dr
Bo Chen
(London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London)
19/09/2013, 12:30
poster
Artificially structured coatings are widely employed to minimize materials deterioration and corrosion, the annual direct cost of which is over 3% of the gross domestic product (GDP) for industrial countries. Manufacturing higher performance anticorrosive coatings is one of the most efficient approaches to reduce this loss. However, three-dimensional (3D) structure of coatings, which...
