Dr
Marek Bartkowiak
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
15/09/2011, 12:15
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
The sample environment team at PSI provides expertise and support for systems to manipulate the sample or its environment during experiments at large scale facilities. A variety of cryostats, furnaces and cryo-magnets enable experiments under extreme conditions. Over the past years we have extended the experimental possibilities substantially. We will present a selection of new setups which...
Dr
Uwe Filges
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
15/09/2011, 12:17
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
The operation of the multi-purpose neutron beamline BOA (Beamline for neutron Optics and other Approaches) has started successfully in May 2011. BOA is a 18 m long instrument located at beam-channel 51 looking on the SINQ cold source and is actually a redesign of the former FUNSPIN beamline. The primary polarization element (polarizing bender) of FUNSPIN was kept because research with...
Dr
Oliver Bunk
(Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland)
15/09/2011, 12:19
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Scanning small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) images the density and orientation of nanostructures. As a 2D imaging technique it can be applied to spatially resolved investigations on square centimeters large samples, i.e., information on nanoscale structures is imaged over comparatively large areas. In computed tomography mode 3D investigations are feasible as well. For each voxel the full...
Dr
Ana Diaz
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
15/09/2011, 12:21
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Recent advances in the fabrication of diffractive X-ray optics have demonstrated hard X-rays focal spots below 30 nm. However, the characterization of these devices is not straightforward using conventional methods such as knife edge scans. Here, we have used ptychographic scanning coherent diffractive imaging to characterize a 20 nm-wide X-ray focus produced by Fresnel zone plate at a photon...
Dr
Sarah Irvine
(University of Lausanne (UNIL) and the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI))
15/09/2011, 12:23
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
The capabilities of the ultra-fast tomography endstation at TOMCAT to visualise the 3-D structure of rapidly moving objects at high resolution, provide also the requirements for the accurate quantitative determination of motion. This is a very important ability in many areas of research, such as in the fields of materials and biomedical science. Whilst visible light velocimetry methods have...
Dr
Rajmund Mokso
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
15/09/2011, 12:25
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
A new fast tomographic data acquisition scheme [1] is being developed at the TOMCAT beamline. We acquire the full set of (600-1000) tomographic projections in typically 0.5 seconds with the voxel sizes ranging from 0.5 to 11 ฮผm and a corresponding field of view from 0.7 to 22 mm. The acquisition of 4D series with high temporal and spatial resolution opens up the possibilities to observe...
Prof.
Marco Stampanoni
(SYN-PSI and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland)
15/09/2011, 12:45
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
At the TOMCAT beamline at the Swiss Light Source, current efforts are focused on the development of a new endstation, devoted to tomographic microscopy with sub-second temporal resolution. Despite the continuous progress in computing technology, fast post processing of the large amount of data produced (up to 10 Gb/s) by this new endstation is, however, still difficult, if not impossible, with...
Prof.
Marco Stampanoni
(SYN-PSI and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland)
15/09/2011, 12:47
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
During its first five years of life, the TOMCAT beamline at the Swiss Light Source has established itself as a cutting edge hard X-ray tomographic microscopy endstation for experiments on a large variety of samples.
We present an overview of the hardware and techniques available to the user community. Absorption and phase contrast imaging with an isotropic voxel size ranging from 0.37 up to...
Prof.
Marco Stampanoni
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
15/09/2011, 12:49
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Synchrotron-based full-field tomographic microscopy established itself as a tool for non-invasive investigations. Many beamlines worldwide routinely achieve micrometer spatial resolution while the isotropic 100 nm barrier is reached and trespassed only by few instruments, mainly in the soft X-ray regime. We present an X-ray, full field microscope with tomographic capabilities operating at 10...
Dr
Peter Modregger
(Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland)
15/09/2011, 12:51
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Hard X-ray grating interferometry (GI) offers a unique combination of properties that renders this X-ray imaging technique especially suitable for the application in the field of biomedical research. First, GI delivers virtually non-destructive information on the micrometer scale and, thus, can be used either complementary or alternative to destructive methods such as histology. Secondly, GI...
Mr
Daniel A Schwyn
(Imperial College London), Dr
Rajmund Mokso
(Paul Scherrer Institute), Dr
Simon M Walker
(University of Oxford)
15/09/2011, 13:11
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Recent advances in synchrotron-based ultra-fast radiography have led to improved spatial resolution and contrast-to-noise ratios at high frame rates. These developments facilitate the observation of ever faster biological processes in vivo. Here we present a radiographic time series of wingbeats of two insects in tethered flight: the blowfly Calliphora vicina and the hoverfly Eristalis tenax,...
Mr
Thomas Thuering
(Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland)
15/09/2011, 13:13
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Today's industrial X-ray micro computed tomography (ยตCT) specimen systems allow high resolution 3-D examination of samples in biology or materials science. Up to now, X-ray absorption contrast imaging has been the standard contrast mechanism in these systems. Recent developments showed that phase contrast imaging can lead to significant contrast enhancements [1]. In the past few years, grating...
Silvia Peter
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
15/09/2011, 13:15
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Grating-based hard X-ray imaging is a recently established imaging technique which simultaneously provides absorption, phase and dark-field contrast. Numerical simulations can provide a deeper theoretical understanding of the image formation process which may be used for optimization of both experimental set-up and data analysis procedures. Since phase contrast relies on beam coherence and...
Dr
Alexandre Mantion
(BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing)
15/09/2011, 13:17
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Silver nanoparticles belong to the most studied, produced and broadly distributed nanoparticles. Despite this, a critical investigation of their potential adverse effects on model living and ecological systems is still required. Along well-established biochemical tests, a reproducible and simple methodology to image their precise distribution in cells is missing. Their imaging in cells...
Dr
David Haberthรผr
(Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern)
15/09/2011, 13:19
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
The pulmonary acinus represents the functional unit of the lung. Due to a restricted availability of high resolution imaging methods the knowledge about the development of the pulmonary acini is limited. Using synchrotron radiation based tomographic microscopy we developed a method to estimate the volume of single acini throughout postnatal lung development.
More than 1000 functional units...
Dr
Zhentian Wang
(PSI)
15/09/2011, 13:21
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Phase contrast and scattering-based X-ray imaging are known to provide additional and complementary information to conventional, absorption-based methods and can potentially revolutionize the radiological approach to current breast imaging. Grating-based X-ray interferometry can simultaneously generate differential phase contrast (DPC) and scattering signals of the sample, in addition to the...
Mr
Goran Lovric
(Paul Scherrer Institut), Dr
Rajmund Mokso
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
15/09/2011, 13:23
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
The development of high-speed tomographic microscopy instrumentation is of great interest for 3D in-vivo studies. An important application is the study of lung dynamics, in particular, lung inflation/deflation issues during physiological and mechanical ventilation, which is required after a premature birth or during a general anesthetic. At TOMCAT we are currently working on an ultra-fast...
Mr
Kevin Mader
(Paul Scherrer Institute)
15/09/2011, 13:25
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Osteoporosis leads to a higher risk of bone fracture through decreased bone mass and architectural changes leading to decreased bone quality. While bone mass through bone mineral density (BMD) is the most important factor in assessing fracture risk, introducing architecture through morphological parameters in cortical femur bone, one of the most problematic and debilitating fracture regions,...
Ms
Annabelle Medebach
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
15/09/2011, 13:27
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
The microstructure as well as the ingredients determine the sensorial perception of food. The mixture of various ingredients leads to complex interactions that are not completely understood. Understanding these is a necessary step towards controlling the microstructure, allowing for a wide range of applications in food industry and beyond. To complement the traditionally used imaging...
Dr
Michele Griffa
(Laboratory for Building Science and Technology, EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dรผbendorf, Switzerland)
15/09/2011, 13:29
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Wood is a cellular biological material with strong coupling in mechanical and moisture behavior. Imaged with synchrotron radiation phase contrast X-ray tomographic microscopy, hysteretic reversible swelling/shrinkage due to ad/desorption of water vapor displays a non-affine component, particularly in low-density earlywood. Local cellular deformation of restrained swelling is documented. These...
Dr
Manuel Guizar-Sicairos
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
15/09/2011, 13:31
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Ptychographic nanotomography is a recently developed technique for which the imaging of tomographic projections relies on simultaneous phasing of multiple diffraction patterns, exploiting the accuracy of iterative phase retrieval to recover the phase of the sample for a given orientation. After tomographic reconstruction we obtain a quantitative and high-resolution map of the sample electron...
Dr
Felix N. Bรผchi
(Electrochemistry Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland), Dr
Jรถrg Roth
(Electrochemistry Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland)
15/09/2011, 13:33
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Efficient water removal and water management is crucial for the performance of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC), in particular at high current density operation. In order to better understand the distribution and transport of liquid water in the gas diffusion layer, an in-situ X-ray tomographic microscopy (XTM) setup at the TOMCAT beamline of the Swiss Light Source (SLS) was developed [1]...
Dr
Pavel Trtik
(EMPA)
15/09/2011, 13:35
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
X-ray ptychographic nanotomography -as recently developed at the cSAXS beamline- allows for non-destructive, three-dimensional mapping of the electron density. Its proven quantitativeness combined with the sub-micrometre resolution makes it a suitable tool for the assessment of densities of the individual phases in complex materials, such as hardened cement pastes.
Here we present results...
Mr
Luc Nimeskern
(ETH Zurich)
15/09/2011, 13:37
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Bacterial-derived nano-cellulose (NC) is a novel material with promising biomedical applications. We focus on its potential as a non-biodegradable scaffold for cartilage tissue-engineering (TE). NC is composed of a mesh of cellulose nano-fibrils. For TE it is important to control porosity and interconnectivity to facilitate cell migration. The aim of this study was to identify a 3D imaging...
Mr
Mattia Pistone
(ETH - Zurich)
15/09/2011, 13:39
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
We present new experimental results on magma vesiculation at high temperature. During in situ high temperature (400-1100 ยฐC), room pressure experiments, the evolving 3D structure was captured by ultrafast synchrotron-based X-ray tomographic microscopy performed at the TOMCAT beamline at SLS (PSI, Villigen), with a pixel size of 2.96 microns and 1 complete tomographic dataset acquired in 1 s....
Mrs
Katja Hunger
(Schweizerisches Nationalmuseum Zรผrich, Sammlungszentrum)
15/09/2011, 13:41
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
In the second half of the 20th century many wooden museum objects were treated with pesticides to protect them against insects. Today, some of these toxic pesticides have effloresced on the surfaces or are emitted into the indoor air of storage rooms or exhibitions. In order to prevent the conservators and visitors from health risks it is inevitable to decontaminate these objects. In the...
Mr
Petr Novotny
(Czech Technical University in Prague)
15/09/2011, 14:01
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Instability of the quasi-steady flow unexpected by standard theory was detected in recurrent ponded infiltration experiment conducted on small undisturbed soil sample and was visualized by neutron imaging (NI). Series of NI tomography images taken during the first infiltration run showed air trapping in many of large pores and cavities in the sample. Furthermore, many of entrapped air bubbles...
Mr
Mohsen Zare
(George Agust University of Gottingen, Germany)
15/09/2011, 14:03
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Water transport from soil towards roots is fundamental in both soil and plant sciences, despite its importance there are only a few studies measuring its dynamics and locations along root systems. The lack of experimental data is largely due to the technical problem of measuring water fluxes in soil and roots in living plants growing in soils. This study aims at developing a non-destructive...
Dr
Camelia Borca
(PSI-SLS), Dr
Daniel Grolimund
(PSI-SLS), Dr
Dirk Visser
(RID, TUDelft), Dr
Markus Janousch
(PSI-SLS), Dr
Thomas Huthwelker
(PSI-SLS)
15/09/2011, 14:05
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Iron stone Mesopotamian seals are common objects in the Old Babylonian Period (2500 -1600 BC) and the much later Sassanide Period (226 BC - 651 AD). The black objects are commonly referred to in museum collections as โheamatiteโ
Recently, we have demonstrated that these iron stone Mesopotamain objects consists not only of the mineral hematite (Fe2O3), but also magnetite (Fe3O4), goethite...
Sarah Steimer
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
15/09/2011, 14:10
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Organic particles have a central role in environmental processes due to their chemical and physical properties. Chemical and optical characteristics of particles can be altered by water absorption, oxidation and photochemical processes. In this study, changes in chemical composition and morphology of submicron tannic and shikimic acid particles were measured by utilizing scanning transmission...
Dr
Teemu Ikonen
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
15/09/2011, 14:11
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
The Spire protein represents a new class of actin nucleation factors which contain ca. 25 amino acid long actin-binding motifs called the WH2 repeats. We have applied small angle X-ray scattering to study the architecture of several Spire/actin complexes, including the native N-terminal part of Spire (SpireNT). Spire forms stable longitudinal-like complexes, with actin loosely positioned along...
Dr
Kaisa Kisko
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
15/09/2011, 14:12
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Understanding the structure of a protein gives insights into its cellular functions, but obtaining high resolution structural information on large, flexible protein complexes or membrane proteins is very challenging. Therefore, we have combined crystallography with solution small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments for studying Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors. VEGFs regulate blood...
Dr
Markus Lampimรคki
(Paul Scherrer Institute)
15/09/2011, 14:13
Poster Session I (Thursday)
Poster
Metal oxides as a common part of mineral dust have an important role in the heterogeneous reactions of dust particles in the presence of ozone or acidic gases. Furthermore, mineral dust particles serve as a primary external iron source to the open ocean and the bioavailability of iron from these particles is highly dependent on the oxidation state of the metal [1,2]. In the present study we...
